Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) Market to Witness Upward Trend Due to High Prevalence of Certain Blood Cancers

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) Market

 

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) is a specialized form of blood stem cell transplant therapy. The term hematopoietic refers to the function of the stem cells in human beings. 'Stem cell' refers to specialized stem cell types which are capable of developing into specific cells like bone, muscle, blood, and nerve cells.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be used in the treatment of certain cancers of the blood or bone marrow, such as multiple myeloma or leukemia. High prevalence of such diseases is expected to aid in growth of the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) market. According to Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, 176,200 people in the US are expected to be diagnosed with leukemia, lymphoma or myeloma in 2019.

The hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) market in North America is witnessing high growth, owing to high adoption of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Around 30,000 patients undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant annually in the United States.

Hematopoietic cell transplantation is the transplantation of stem cells, generally derived from bone marrow, umbilical cord, or peripheral blood. It can also be allogenic, autologous or syngeneic. The most common type of stem cell transplant is the allogenic transplant, which is essentially the process of harvesting such stem cells that have the ability to develop into many different specialized cell types, like bone, kidney, heart, liver, lungs, pancreas, nervous, and immune cells. However, approximately 20% to 85% of the patients develop acute Graft Versus Host Disease that affects the skin, gut, or liver. Such scenario hinders the growth of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) market. 

There are different methods of transplant. In case of a basic transplant, the stem cells are directly transplanted into a person's veins, while a minimal invasive procedure also known as a micro-implantation requires the injection of the cells into the patient's veins. Based on the exact needs of the patient, the specific type of transplant is done. For example, a child who has undergone bone marrow transplantation can go on to have other stem cell types utilized for the same purpose. This is one of the most commonly performed types of transplants.

High prevalence of sickle cell anemia is also expected to aid in growth of the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) market. Specially created stem cell therapies can be used in the treatment of sickle cell anemia. These cells are basically taken from the bone marrow of the person and then induced to form a thick, jelly like substance. The patient will need to take medicine for a few days after the procedure to help his body process the cells.

Hematopoietic cell transplantation has its own set of complications, which limit the growth of the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) market. Some of these include infection, allergic reactions, bleeding, and scarring. Infection can occur if there is a severe immune deficiency. The patient will also have to take antibiotics to clear up the infections. If the stem cells are used, they have to be grown under very strict conditions to avoid rejection. Most surgeons try to perform this transplant first on those people who suffer from serious diseases like leukemia or cancer as these are the people who stand the best chance to be successful.

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